Modeling with AquaCrop of the optimal sowing date and water requirements of the dry bean crop (Phaseolus vulgaris L.)
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Abstract
Context: Phenology is perhaps the most important biological factor in irrigation programming. Although the stages of cultivation are defined in calendar days, their values change depending on weather conditions. To make irrigation programming more precise, the degree day (°D) concept has been incorporated, which has proven to be a tool that can be applied both in plots and in large irrigation areas, even in variable climate and weather conditions of water availability.
Objective: The objective of the research was to determine, through modeling with AquaCrop, the optimal sowing date and irrigation needs of the common bean crop, using the concept of degree days.
Methods: For modeling with AquaCrop, the Buenaventura cultivar was used, which has a potential yield of 3,00 t ha-1 and is recommended for sowing from September to January, sowing dates with intervals of 10 days were used.
Results: Sowing dates can cause a difference of 16 days in the crop cycle. The optimal yield is obtained when the crop is sown on November 20, which can reach 3 t ha-1 and a cycle of 78 days.
Conclusions: It was found that, as a trend, yield decreases with the reduction of the crop cycle. The EUAR and PAR indicators are not optimal at the optimal planting date and are indicators that allow to management timely the irrigation system and represent the economic value of water in production.
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