Potential Growth Stimulant of Azotobacter Strains Isolated from Cuban Agroecosystems
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15090167Keywords:
management, microorganisms, productsAbstract
Context: The genus Azotobacter is used to stimulate the growth of economically important crops. Knowing the potential of native strains will allow for better use of the bacteria as active ingredients in bioproducts for Cuban agriculture.
Aim: To characterize three strains of Azotobacter isolated from Cuban agroecosystems as plant growth promoters.
Methods: The Azotobacter strains INIFAT-12, INIFAT-20, and INIFAT-21, conserved in the INIFAT Bacteria Collection, were characterized for their tolerance to abiotic stress conditions, nitrogen-fixing potential, nutrient solubilization, production of lytic enzymes, action against pathogenic fungi, and the effect of their application on beans, wheat, and tomatoes under controlled conditions.
Results: The growth of the three Azotobacter strains decreased under abiotic stress conditions, although a positive result was always observed, suggesting the presence of some tolerance mechanism. All strains fixed nitrogen and released protease and lipase enzymes; however, none of them solubilized nutrients or released cellulase enzymes. Only the INIFAT-20 strain produced amylase enzymes. Antagonistic activity was similar against Curvularia palense, while for Fusarium chlamydosporum, the INIFAT-20 strain stood out. The application of bacteria had a positive effect on the growth of bean, wheat, and tomato seedlings.
Conclusions: Azotobacter strains residing in Cuban agroecosystems have a potential as plant growth promoters, making this a promising genus for obtaining new agricultural bioproducts in Cuba.
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